Exercices C1 : Le vocabulaire économique en anglais

Ces exercices vous permettront de consolider le vocabulaire économique clé abordé dans le cours, notamment les termes inflation, GDP, trade et revenue, indispensables dans les médias et environnements professionnels anglophones.

→ Voir le cours : Le vocabulaire économique en anglais : cours complet

Exercice 1 : Définitions du vocabulaire économique

Choisissez la définition qui correspond le mieux au terme économique souligné dans chaque phrase.

1. The country's GDP grew by 3% last year, signalling a robust economic recovery.
   • GDP refers to the total monetary value of all goods and services produced within a country in a given period.
   • GDP refers to the amount of money a government collects through taxation each fiscal year.
   • GDP refers to the volume of exports a country sends to its trading partners annually.
   • GDP refers to the total debt accumulated by a government over several decades.
2. Rising inflation has eroded the purchasing power of households across the eurozone.
   • Inflation refers to a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy.
   • Inflation refers to a sharp decline in industrial output caused by supply chain disruptions.
   • Inflation refers to the rate at which a currency gains value relative to foreign currencies.
   • Inflation refers to a government policy aimed at reducing public spending and debt.
3. The new trade agreement is expected to boost bilateral exchanges between the two nations.
   • Trade refers to the buying and selling of goods and services between individuals, companies, or countries.
   • Trade refers to the process by which a central bank sets interest rates to control money supply.
   • Trade refers to a financial instrument used by investors to hedge against currency risk.
   • Trade refers to the legal framework governing corporate mergers and acquisitions.
4. The firm reported a sharp decline in revenue following the global downturn in consumer demand.
   • Revenue refers to the total income generated by a business through its sales of goods or services.
   • Revenue refers to the net profit remaining after all operational costs and taxes have been deducted.
   • Revenue refers to the financial reserves a company sets aside to cover future liabilities.
   • Revenue refers to the amount a company borrows from financial institutions to fund expansion.

Correction

1. GDP refers to the total monetary value of all goods and services produced within a country in a given period.
2. Inflation refers to a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy.
3. Trade refers to the buying and selling of goods and services between individuals, companies, or countries.
4. Revenue refers to the total income generated by a business through its sales of goods or services.

Exercice 2 : Associez le terme à son contexte d'usage

Associez chaque terme économique issu du cours à la phrase de contexte professionnel qui lui correspond le mieux.

1. interest rate
2. budget deficit
3. fiscal policy
4. stock market

• Organized marketplace where shares of publicly listed companies are bought and sold by investors.
• Government use of taxation and public spending decisions to influence macroeconomic conditions such as growth and employment.
• Financial situation in which a government's expenditures exceed its tax and other income over a given period.
• Percentage set by a central bank that determines the cost of borrowing money and influences investment and consumption levels.

Correction

1. interest rate – Percentage set by a central bank that determines the cost of borrowing money and influences investment and consumption levels.
2. budget deficit – Financial situation in which a government's expenditures exceed its tax and other income over a given period.
3. fiscal policy – Government use of taxation and public spending decisions to influence macroeconomic conditions such as growth and employment.
4. stock market – Organized marketplace where shares of publicly listed companies are bought and sold by investors.

Exercice 3 : Complétez les phrases économiques

Complétez chaque phrase en remplaçant ___ par le terme économique approprié parmi ceux étudiés dans le cours (inflation, GDP, trade, revenue).

1. Analysts predicted that ___ would exceed 4% this quarter due to soaring energy costs and persistent supply chain bottlenecks.
2. The government's stimulus package was designed to prevent a contraction in ___ by boosting domestic consumption and public investment.
3. Both nations agreed to reduce tariff barriers in order to facilitate the free flow of ___ and strengthen their long-term economic partnership.
4. Despite a challenging macroeconomic environment, the company managed to grow its ___ by 12% year-on-year through strategic market expansion.

Correction

1. Analysts predicted that inflation would exceed 4% this quarter due to soaring energy costs and persistent supply chain bottlenecks.
2. The government's stimulus package was designed to prevent a contraction in GDP by boosting domestic consumption and public investment.
3. Both nations agreed to reduce tariff barriers in order to facilitate the free flow of trade and strengthen their long-term economic partnership.
4. Despite a challenging macroeconomic environment, the company managed to grow its revenue by 12% year-on-year through strategic market expansion.