Crossword puzzle : Linguistic borrowings in Spanish

Spanish has always been a remarkably receptive language, absorbing words from Arabic, Nahuatl, French, English, and beyond throughout its rich history. This crossword challenges your mastery of préstamos lingüísticos — loanwords that have been seamlessly woven into everyday Spanish. Can you identify their origins, trace their phonological adaptations, and distinguish direct borrowings from calques? Put your C2 lexical knowledge to the test.

Horizontalement

1. 1. someone, indefinite person pronoun
2. 3. Opened, irregular past participle
3. 4. Foreign word not fully integrated
4. 7. Foreign term used in Spanish
5. 8. Integration of foreign words
6. 10. To rest
7. 11. Portuguese loanword in Spanish
8. 12. Then, temporal connector

Verticalement

1. 1. Arabic word borrowed into Spanish
2. 2. Heart as centre of emotion
3. 5. Italian word adopted into Spanish
4. 6. Study of word origins and history
5. 8. Stress or accent in pronunciation
6. 9. Always, at all times without exception