Ejercicios C2 : Las restricciones sintácticas en inglés (corregido)

Estos ejercicios te ayudarán a interiorizar las restricciones sintácticas del inglés y a comprender cuándo y cómo los escritores las transgreden con intención estilística. Trabaja cada ítem con atención al orden de los constituyentes.

→ Ver el curso : Las restricciones sintácticas en inglés : curso completo

Ejercicio 1 : Rellena los huecos: orden sintáctico en inglés

Completa cada oración con la forma o construcción correcta que respete las restricciones sintácticas del inglés. Escribe la oración completa como respuesta.

1. ___ the defendant said in court surprised even his own lawyer. (What / That)
2. She gave ___ a long and detailed explanation of the syntactic constraints she had studied. (to him / him)
3. Not until the final chapter ___ the author reveal the true structural inversion at play. (does / did)
4. The manuscript, ___ the editor had carefully revised, still contained several word-order violations. (that / which)

Correction

1. What the defendant said in court surprised even his own lawyer.
2. She gave him a long and detailed explanation of the syntactic constraints she had studied.
3. Not until the final chapter did the author reveal the true structural inversion at play.
4. The manuscript, which the editor had carefully revised, still contained several word-order violations.

Ejercicio 2 : Corrige los errores sintácticos

Cada oración contiene una violación de las restricciones sintácticas del inglés. Identifica el error y reescribe la oración completa y correcta.

1. She always has her arguments presented clearly, but yesterday she explained very badly her position to the committee.
2. Rarely he has demonstrated such a thorough understanding of syntactic word-order rules in academic writing.
3. They discussed at length the implications syntactic of inverting subject and verb in formal prose.
4. The professor gave to the students a comprehensive overview of the rigid word-order constraints in English.

Correction

1. She always has her arguments presented clearly, but yesterday she explained her position to the committee very badly.
2. Rarely has he demonstrated such a thorough understanding of syntactic word-order rules in academic writing.
3. They discussed at length the syntactic implications of inverting subject and verb in formal prose.
4. The professor gave the students a comprehensive overview of the rigid word-order constraints in English.

Ejercicio 3 : Elige la opción gramaticalmente correcta

Selecciona la opción que respeta las restricciones sintácticas del inglés estándar o que representa una inversión estilísticamente justificada. Justifica mentalmente tu elección antes de responder.

1. Which of these sentences correctly follows English word order in a clause with an initial negative adverb?
   • A) Never I have witnessed such a deliberate and precise manipulation of word order in literary prose.
   • B) Never have I witnessed such a deliberate and precise manipulation of word order in literary prose.
   • C) Never I witnessed such a deliberate and precise manipulation of word order in literary prose.
   • D) Never did I witnessed such a deliberate and precise manipulation of word order in literary prose.
2. Which sentence correctly illustrates the syntactic distinction between the ditransitive verb pattern with a pronominal indirect object and a complex direct object?
   • A) The critic sent to him a scathing review of his unconventional use of syntactic inversion.
   • B) The critic sent him a scathing review of his unconventional use of syntactic inversion.
   • C) The critic sent a scathing review him of his unconventional use of syntactic inversion.
   • D) The critic sent him of his unconventional use of syntactic inversion a scathing review.
3. Which of these sentences represents a legitimate stylistic subject-verb inversion, as used by great writers to intentionally break syntactic constraints?
   • A) Sat at the head of the table a scholar who had devoted his life to the study of syntactic constraints.
   • B) A scholar who had devoted his life to the study of syntactic constraints sat at the head of the table.
   • C) At the head of the table sat a scholar who had devoted his life to the study of syntactic constraints.
   • D) At the head of the table a scholar sat who had devoted his life to the study of syntactic constraints.
4. Which of these sentences correctly respects the position of the adverb of manner in relation to the verb and the direct object in English?
   • A) She analyzed carefully the syntactic restrictions that govern word order in complex English sentences.
   • B) She carefully analyzed the syntactic restrictions that govern word order in complex English sentences.
   • C) She analyzed the syntactic restrictions carefully that govern word order in complex English sentences.
   • D) Carefully she analyzed the syntactic restrictions that word order in complex English sentences govern.

Correction

1. B) Never have I witnessed such a deliberate and precise manipulation of word order in literary prose.
2. B) The critic sent him a scathing review of his unconventional use of syntactic inversion.
3. C) At the head of the table sat a scholar who had devoted his life to the study of syntactic constraints.
4. B) She carefully analyzed the syntactic restrictions that govern word order in complex English sentences.