Colors in Spanish : complete course

**Les couleurs** are some of the first words you learn in any language. They help you describe the world around you, from the color of your clothes to the color of the sky. In Spanish, colors are called los colores, and learning them is a great first step in your language journey.

Colors are used every single day. When you go shopping, talk about your home, or describe a person, you need colors. Let’s explore how colors work in Spanish!

Simple Examples to Get You Started

Here are a few sentences to show you how colors appear in everyday Spanish:

• El cielo es azul. — The sky is blue.
• La manzana es roja. — The apple is red.
• Mi coche es negro. — My car is black.
• La flor es amarilla. — The flower is yellow.

As you can see, colors come after the noun they describe. This is different from English, where the color usually comes before the noun.

The Key Elements of Colors in Spanish

Spanish colors follow some simple but important rules. Let’s look at the main ones.

The Basic Colors

Here is a table of the most common colors in Spanish, with their English and French translations:

Colors Agree with the Noun: Gender and Number

In Spanish, most adjectives — including colors — must agree with the noun they describe. This means they change depending on whether the noun is masculine or feminine, and singular or plural.

• Un gato negro — A black cat (masculine, singular)
• Una gata negra — A black cat (feminine, singular)
• Dos gatos negros — Two black cats (masculine, plural)
• Dos gatas negras — Two black cats (feminine, plural)

Some colors, like azul, verde, or naranja, do not change for gender. They only change for plural:

• Un libro verde — A green book
• Una mesa verde — A green table
• Unos libros verdes — Some green books

Where to Place the Color in a Sentence

In Spanish, the color adjective usually comes after the noun, not before it. This is the opposite of English.

• English: a red car → Spanish: un coche rojo
• English: a blue dress → Spanish: un vestido azul
• English: a white house → Spanish: una casa blanca

Why Learning Colors in Spanish Matters

You might think colors are simple. But they are actually very useful! Here is why learning colors in Spanish is important:

• Everyday conversations: You use colors when you talk about clothes, food, nature, and objects.
• Grammar practice: Colors help you practice noun-adjective agreement, which is a key Spanish grammar rule.
• Building vocabulary: Colors are easy to remember and give you confidence to speak more.
• Real-life situations: Shopping, giving directions, or describing people — colors come up all the time.

Comparison with Other Languages

Let’s compare how colors work in Spanish, English, and French. This can help you understand the differences more clearly.

French and Spanish work in a very similar way with colors. If you speak French, you will find Spanish colors easy to understand!

A Complete Example

Let’s look at a short paragraph that uses several colors in Spanish. Read it carefully and notice how the colors change to match the nouns:

En mi casa, las paredes son blancas y la puerta es roja. Tengo un sofá gris y una alfombra azul. En el jardín, las flores son amarillas y los árboles son verdes. Mi gato es negro y blanco.

Translation: In my house, the walls are white and the door is red. I have a grey sofa and a blue carpet. In the garden, the flowers are yellow and the trees are green. My cat is black and white.

• paredes blancas — white walls (feminine, plural)
• puerta roja — red door (feminine, singular)
• sofá gris — grey sofa (no gender change for ‘gris’)
• alfombra azul — blue carpet (no gender change for ‘azul’)
• flores amarillas — yellow flowers (feminine, plural)
• árboles verdes — green trees (masculine, plural)

Key Points to Remember

• Colors in Spanish are called los colores.
• Most colors change depending on the gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural) of the noun.
• Some colors like azul, verde, and naranja do not change for gender.
• Colors are placed after the noun in Spanish.
• Learning colors helps you practice important grammar rules and speak more naturally.

Start by learning the basic colors, then practice using them in simple sentences every day. Little by little, it will become natural!

Sources

• Real Academia Española (RAE) — Diccionario de la lengua española. Available at: www.rae.es
• Bosque, I. and Demonte, V. (eds.) — Gramática descriptiva de la lengua española. Espasa Calpe, 1999.
• Council of Europe — Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). Available at: www.coe.int